“Walking back to you is the hardest thing that I can do…”

Sure, the average American associates this week with football, tryptophan, and noncommital nodding during awkward conversations about politics, but here at “QP?” headquarters, Thanksgiving means only one thing: experimental recreations of carrot jam from the medieval Islamic world.

Carrot jam? Yes, carrot jam. Known in Arabic as jawārish, the dish appears in a cookbook called The Treasure of Useful Advice for the Composition of a Varied Table, probably compiled in Egypt or Syria in the 13th century. The recipe is translated in Medieval Cuisine of the Islamic World by Lilia Zaouali, and while Islamic cookbooks are just as blithe as European cookbooks about assuming expertise on the part of the reader, this one seemed like a no-brainer. After all, sweet carrot dishes are common today, and carrot preserves and marmalade aren’t terrible exotic—so again we endeavor to answer, probably in vain: What did the past taste like?

First, our ingredients: cookbook, carrots, honey from a friend’s New Jersey apiary (plus two plastic-bear backups), various spices, and a can of Chef Boyardee Ravioli that had nothing to do with this recipe but whined about being left out of a group photo.

From the recipe:

It is necessary to select fresh, red carrots, to wash them, clean them, and cut them as thinly as possible. Put them in a ceramic pot, add a little bit of honey, and cover them with water.

Lacking red carrots, I had to go with plain old orange. Here they are, simmering in the Le Creuset like flunkies in Charlemagne’s bath house.

Thus sayeth the recipe:

Cook them until they are soft, then strain off the water with a sieve and add a quantity of skimmed honey equal to that of the carrots.

An hour later, a pound of carrots yielded around a cup and a half of carrot glop, to which I added one cup of honey. Rather than bore you with lame photos, let’s hail the return, by popular demand, of the Trapper Keeper Unicorn of Applied Paleobromatology.

Distracted by the hard work of mushifying a few carrot chunks with the aid of Sir Braun de Hand-Mixer, I failed to witness a shocking crime on the countertop behind me.

Did you know that the tradition of selling honey in bear-shaped containers derives from the Abbasid practice of importing actual bears from Europe, squeezing them while upside down, and seasoning food with whatever spurted from their skulls? The caliphs really were that wealthy.

The recipe calls for spices:

Mix in seasonings chosen from among pepper, ginger, cardamom, cinnamon, cubeb, spikenard, mace, galangal, aloe wood [Aquilaria agallocha], saffron, and musk.

Fresh out of spikenard, and stunned by the recipe’s endorsement of a freeform jazz odyssey of spices, I opted for four I knew I had in my cabinet: 1/4 teaspoon each of pepper, ginger, cardamom, and cinnamon. (I’m not positive that “pepper” in a medieval Middle Eastern recipe meant “ground black peppercorn,” but so be it.)

I mixed up this little masala, dropped it into the honey-and-carrot mush, and did as I was told:

Cook to thicken the carrot jam.

Twenty minutes later, carrot jam was bubbling like sweet orange lava.

Two teaspoons of spices turned out to be too strong for fewer that two cups of carrot jam, but holy hopping Barmakids, hot jawārish a la Sypeck is tasty.

Medieval Islamic royalty had a sweet tooth to rival modern America’s, as I found when I whipped up a batch of tabaahaja, the wince-inducing candied lamb of the Abbasids, but carrot jam just isn’t that strange. Scale back the spices and you could probably convince Thanksgiving guests that you’re feeding them Aunt Harriet’s sweet potato mash, albeit with a throat-catching kick. (I suspect a version with spikenard, cubeb, and galangal might land harder on the Western palate.)

One question lingers: In the medieval Islamic world, was “jam” eaten hot? Zaouali’s book doesn’t say. The jawārish recipe includes only one more line: “Pour it into a glass jar and consume as needed.” Which is what I did.

You know what? Cold jawārish smeared on toasted naan isn’t bad either. The pepper and coriander give the jam a kick we more commonly expect from heated food, but that’s because of the spices and quantities I chose. Medieval Islamic cooks were free to make this stuff with whatever spices they wanted, as are modern paleobromatologists.

Of course, I can’t help but pine for the ideal jawārish chaser: a cold, fizzy glass of galangal soda.

9 thoughts on ““Walking back to you is the hardest thing that I can do…”

  1. Appealing! The only question is whether the ancient Islamic world also had mason jars and those wax seals that people traditionally use in the c. 20th C blackberry process, since this could be an efficient way of storing said “jam.”

    It looks to me less like a jam and more like a chutney, although this might just be my intellectualist tendency towards hairsplitting. Nonetheless, I may try and make some. If so, I’ll report back.

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  2. That looks tasty. Though in lieu of a hand blender, I suspect one can use a food processor. Might end up with a smoother product.

    Still, m’thinks I will try this one. (The carrot jam, not importing a bear and squeezing it over my food. But a useful tidbit of knowledge. :0) )

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  3. This looks much like some modern Persian carrot jam recipes I’ve seen — more spices and less rosewater, but recognisably a member of the same family. The Persian jam is called “Morabaa-yeh Haveej” and Googling turns up about a zillion variations on the theme.

    In other tangentially-Abbasid news, I have a packet of rue seeds in my gardening bunker.

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  4. Jake: It is very much like a chutney; my friends who served as taste-testers last weekend called it exactly that.

    Sheri: The jam was actually more smooth than perhaps the photos made it seem; it had the consistency of thick preserves.

    Heather: The unicorn makes everything better. If only he had wings…

    ‘nora: I hadn’t realized that anything exactly like this was still being made! I’m 900 miles from my bookshelf right now, but I think some of the other jam recipes in Medieval Cuisine of the Islamic World call for rosewater. Carrots and honey make a surprisingly good delivery system for a wide range of spices and flavorings.

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  5. I believe that Zaouali translated pepper for black pepper, I remember seeing someone’s notes about the original Arabic text but I don’t have the reference handy. Maybe in the translation notes?

    Cubeb and galangal (or galangale for the Westerners) can be purchases from Auntie Arwen’s spices. She’s very nice to work with, I’ve ordered things from her a few times over the years.

    I wonder if red carrots loose their color in cooking like purple carrots do? I used yellow carrots and it came out honey-golden colored. I mashed it by hand and didn’t work for the smooth consistency you have. I think I’ll try that next time.

    Thanks for posting your work!

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  6. Jeff: For years, Arethusa and I have had this silly running joke about the bear-shaped containers that honey comes in. I can’t wait to call this post to her attention!

    (My attempts to recreate Greek and Roman cuisine have not turned out nearly so well.)

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  7. Samia: Thanks for stopping by! (My favorite source of galangal is a local Korean grocer, although I believe they import it from South America.)

    Alpheus: To be honest, I’d love to find an example of pre-modern people storing honey in bear-shaped containers…

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